Southern Africa.

GMT + 2.

30,355 sq km (11,720 sq miles).

2.2 million (official estimate 2002).

67.0 per sq km.

Maseru. Population: 271,000 (UN estimate 2001, including suburbs).

Lesotho is a landlocked country surrounded on all sides by South Africa. It is a mountainous kingdom situated at the highest part of the Drakensberg escarpment on the eastern rim of the South African plateau. Its mountainous terrain is cut by countless valleys and ravines, making it a country of great beauty. To the west, the land descends through a foothill zone of rolling hills to a lowland belt along the border where two-thirds of the population live. Three large rivers, the Caledon, the Orange, and the Tugela, rise in the mountains.

Lesotho is a hereditary monarchy. The king is head of state with no formal executive or legislative powers. Executive power rests with a cabinet led by the Prime Minister. Legislative power is held by the 65-seat National Assembly, which is elected for a maximum five-year term.

Kingdom. Gained independence from the UK in 1966. Head of State: King Letsie III since 1996. Head of Government: Prime Minister Bethuel Pakalitha Mosisili since 1998.

Sesotho and English.

90 per cent Christian; mainly Anglican, Roman Catholic and Lesotho Evangelical. The remainder belong to other denominations, including Islam.

If spending some time in rural villages, it is polite to inform the Head Chief. It is likely that he will be very helpful. Normal social courtesies and a friendly, warm approach will be greatly appreciated. Dress should be practical and casual but local customs should be respected (including those regarding modesty in dress). Religion plays an important part in daily life. Photography: Photographs must not be taken of the following: the palace, police establishments, government offices, the airport or monetary authority buildings.

220 volts AC, 50Hz.